The Potential Effect of the Psychiatric Clerkship and Contact-Based Hypothesis on Explicit and Implicit Stigmatizing Attitudes of Canadian Medical Students Towards Mental Illness.
Identifieur interne : 000406 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000405; suivant : 000407The Potential Effect of the Psychiatric Clerkship and Contact-Based Hypothesis on Explicit and Implicit Stigmatizing Attitudes of Canadian Medical Students Towards Mental Illness.
Auteurs : Anish Arora [Canada] ; Harman S. Sandhu [Canada] ; Jennifer Brasch [Canada]Source :
- Academic psychiatry : the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry [ 1545-7230 ] ; 2019.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Attitude du personnel soignant (MeSH), Canada (MeSH), Humains (MeSH), Personnes atteintes de troubles mentaux (MeSH), Psychiatrie (enseignement et éducation), Stage de formation clinique (MeSH), Stigmate social (MeSH), Troubles mentaux (MeSH), Études transversales (MeSH), Étudiant médecine (psychologie).
- MESH :
- enseignement et éducation : Psychiatrie.
- psychologie : Étudiant médecine.
- Attitude du personnel soignant, Canada, Humains, Personnes atteintes de troubles mentaux, Stage de formation clinique, Stigmate social, Troubles mentaux, Études transversales.
- Wicri :
- geographic : Canada.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- geographic : Canada.
- education : Psychiatry.
- psychology : Students, Medical.
- Attitude of Health Personnel, Clinical Clerkship, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Mental Disorders, Mentally Ill Persons, Social Stigma.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to assess if having completed a psychiatric clerkship or having increased exposure to mental illness in general was associated with reduced explicit and implicit stigmatizing attitudes towards mental illness in undergraduate medical students.
METHODS
A secondary analysis of data specific to medical students from McMaster University was completed. Data were obtained through a cross-sectional survey administered electronically. It consisted of a demographic questionnaire, the Opening Minds Scale for Healthcare Providers (OMS-HC) 12-item survey, and an Implicit Association Test (IAT). The OMS-HC was used as a measure of explicit stigmatizing attitudes, whereas the IAT was used as a measure of implicit bias. All analyses were completed using Stata/IC 15 and were two-tailed with significance defined as p < 0.05.
RESULTS
Individuals that self-reported either having had a mental illness or diagnosis by a health care professional had significantly lower levels of explicit stigma. Final-year medical students had significantly lower levels of implicit stigmatizing attitudes than first-year medical students. Neither having completed a psychiatric clerkship nor having a close relationship with someone experiencing a mental illness was significantly associated with the explicit or implicit stigmatizing attitudes of medical students.
CONCLUSION
More years in medical school and self-identifying or receiving a diagnosis of mental illness are associated with reduced stigmatizing attitudes, whereas having completed the psychiatric clerkship and having a close relationship with an individual experiencing mental illness were not. This study suggests that the psychiatric clerkship may have limited impact on the stigmatizing attitudes of medical students.
DOI: 10.1007/s40596-019-01090-2
PubMed: 31407227
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
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Sandhu</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brasch, Jennifer" sort="Brasch, Jennifer" uniqKey="Brasch J" first="Jennifer" last="Brasch">Jennifer Brasch</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Academic psychiatry : the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry</title><idno type="eISSN">1545-7230</idno><imprint><date when="2019" type="published">2019</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Attitude of Health Personnel (MeSH)</term><term>Canada (MeSH)</term><term>Clinical Clerkship (MeSH)</term><term>Cross-Sectional Studies (MeSH)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>Mental Disorders (MeSH)</term><term>Mentally Ill Persons (MeSH)</term><term>Psychiatry (education)</term><term>Social Stigma (MeSH)</term><term>Students, Medical (psychology)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Attitude du personnel soignant (MeSH)</term><term>Canada (MeSH)</term><term>Humains (MeSH)</term><term>Personnes atteintes de troubles mentaux (MeSH)</term><term>Psychiatrie (enseignement et éducation)</term><term>Stage de formation clinique (MeSH)</term><term>Stigmate social (MeSH)</term><term>Troubles mentaux (MeSH)</term><term>Études transversales (MeSH)</term><term>Étudiant médecine (psychologie)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" xml:lang="en"><term>Canada</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="education" xml:lang="en"><term>Psychiatry</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="enseignement et éducation" xml:lang="fr"><term>Psychiatrie</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="psychologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Étudiant médecine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="psychology" xml:lang="en"><term>Students, Medical</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Attitude of Health Personnel</term><term>Clinical Clerkship</term><term>Cross-Sectional Studies</term><term>Humans</term><term>Mental Disorders</term><term>Mentally Ill Persons</term><term>Social Stigma</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Attitude du personnel soignant</term><term>Canada</term><term>Humains</term><term>Personnes atteintes de troubles mentaux</term><term>Stage de formation clinique</term><term>Stigmate social</term><term>Troubles mentaux</term><term>Études transversales</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Canada</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>OBJECTIVE</b></p><p>The purpose of this study was to assess if having completed a psychiatric clerkship or having increased exposure to mental illness in general was associated with reduced explicit and implicit stigmatizing attitudes towards mental illness in undergraduate medical students.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>METHODS</b></p><p>A secondary analysis of data specific to medical students from McMaster University was completed. Data were obtained through a cross-sectional survey administered electronically. It consisted of a demographic questionnaire, the Opening Minds Scale for Healthcare Providers (OMS-HC) 12-item survey, and an Implicit Association Test (IAT). The OMS-HC was used as a measure of explicit stigmatizing attitudes, whereas the IAT was used as a measure of implicit bias. All analyses were completed using Stata/IC 15 and were two-tailed with significance defined as p < 0.05.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b></p><p>Individuals that self-reported either having had a mental illness or diagnosis by a health care professional had significantly lower levels of explicit stigma. Final-year medical students had significantly lower levels of implicit stigmatizing attitudes than first-year medical students. Neither having completed a psychiatric clerkship nor having a close relationship with someone experiencing a mental illness was significantly associated with the explicit or implicit stigmatizing attitudes of medical students.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSION</b></p><p>More years in medical school and self-identifying or receiving a diagnosis of mental illness are associated with reduced stigmatizing attitudes, whereas having completed the psychiatric clerkship and having a close relationship with an individual experiencing mental illness were not. This study suggests that the psychiatric clerkship may have limited impact on the stigmatizing attitudes of medical students.</p></div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">31407227</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2020</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>09</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>09</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1545-7230</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>43</Volume><Issue>6</Issue><PubDate><Year>2019</Year><Month>Dec</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Academic psychiatry : the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Acad Psychiatry</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>The Potential Effect of the Psychiatric Clerkship and Contact-Based Hypothesis on Explicit and Implicit Stigmatizing Attitudes of Canadian Medical Students Towards Mental Illness.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>605-609</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1007/s40596-019-01090-2</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVE" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">The purpose of this study was to assess if having completed a psychiatric clerkship or having increased exposure to mental illness in general was associated with reduced explicit and implicit stigmatizing attitudes towards mental illness in undergraduate medical students.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">A secondary analysis of data specific to medical students from McMaster University was completed. Data were obtained through a cross-sectional survey administered electronically. It consisted of a demographic questionnaire, the Opening Minds Scale for Healthcare Providers (OMS-HC) 12-item survey, and an Implicit Association Test (IAT). The OMS-HC was used as a measure of explicit stigmatizing attitudes, whereas the IAT was used as a measure of implicit bias. All analyses were completed using Stata/IC 15 and were two-tailed with significance defined as p < 0.05.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">Individuals that self-reported either having had a mental illness or diagnosis by a health care professional had significantly lower levels of explicit stigma. Final-year medical students had significantly lower levels of implicit stigmatizing attitudes than first-year medical students. Neither having completed a psychiatric clerkship nor having a close relationship with someone experiencing a mental illness was significantly associated with the explicit or implicit stigmatizing attitudes of medical students.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSION" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">More years in medical school and self-identifying or receiving a diagnosis of mental illness are associated with reduced stigmatizing attitudes, whereas having completed the psychiatric clerkship and having a close relationship with an individual experiencing mental illness were not. This study suggests that the psychiatric clerkship may have limited impact on the stigmatizing attitudes of medical students.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Arora</LastName><ForeName>Anish</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3710-8704</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. anish.arora@mail.mcgill.ca.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sandhu</LastName><ForeName>Harman S</ForeName><Initials>HS</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Brasch</LastName><ForeName>Jennifer</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2019</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>12</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Acad Psychiatry</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>8917200</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1042-9670</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="ErratumIn"><RefSource>Acad Psychiatry. 2019 Sep 11;:</RefSource><PMID Version="1">31512158</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="CommentIn"><RefSource>Acad Psychiatry. 2020 Apr;44(2):242-243</RefSource><PMID Version="1">31820370</PMID></CommentsCorrections></CommentsCorrectionsList><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001291" MajorTopicYN="Y">Attitude of Health Personnel</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002170" MajorTopicYN="N" Type="Geographic">Canada</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002982" MajorTopicYN="Y">Clinical Clerkship</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003430" MajorTopicYN="N">Cross-Sectional Studies</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001523" MajorTopicYN="Y">Mental Disorders</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D028642" MajorTopicYN="N">Mentally Ill Persons</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D011570" MajorTopicYN="N">Psychiatry</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000193" MajorTopicYN="N">education</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D057545" MajorTopicYN="Y">Social Stigma</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013337" MajorTopicYN="N">Students, Medical</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000523" MajorTopicYN="N">psychology</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Contact-based hypothesis</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Medical students</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Mental illness</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Psychiatric clerkship</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Stigma</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2019</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>31</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2019</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>26</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2019</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>20</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2019</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>14</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>10</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2019</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>14</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">31407227</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1007/s40596-019-01090-2</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">10.1007/s40596-019-01090-2</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Canada</li></country><region><li>Ontario</li><li>Québec</li></region><settlement><li>Hamilton (Ontario)</li><li>Montréal</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université McGill</li><li>Université McMaster</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Canada"><region name="Québec"><name sortKey="Arora, Anish" sort="Arora, Anish" uniqKey="Arora A" first="Anish" last="Arora">Anish Arora</name></region><name sortKey="Brasch, Jennifer" sort="Brasch, Jennifer" uniqKey="Brasch J" first="Jennifer" last="Brasch">Jennifer Brasch</name><name sortKey="Sandhu, Harman S" sort="Sandhu, Harman S" uniqKey="Sandhu H" first="Harman S" last="Sandhu">Harman S. 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